MID CHAPTER WISE PREPARATION BY JAHAN ZAIB ASHIQ

PAK301 – Mid Chapter Wise Quiz 01 to 03

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PAK301 – Mid Chapter Wise Quiz 04 to 07

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PAK301 – Mid Chapter Wise Quiz 08 to 10

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PAK301 – Mid Chapter Wise Quiz 11 to 13

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POSTED DATE:30-01-2019       IDEA SOLUTION

Q: Do you think that the Objectives Resolution (1949) provided a mechanism for the constitutional developments in Pakistan? Justify your answer with five valid points.

1. Liaquat Ali Khan explained the context of the resolution in his speech delivered in the Constituent Assembly on March 7, 1949. He termed the passage of the Objectives Resolution as “the most important occasion in the life of this country, next in importance only to the achievement of independence.’. He said that we as Muslim believed that authority vested in Allah Almighty and it should be exercised in accordance with the standards laid down in Islam. He added that this preamble had made it clear that the authority would be exercised by the chosen persons; which is the essence of democracy and it eliminates the dangers of theocracy.  It emphasized on the principles of democracy, freedom, equality, tolerance, and social justice and it says that these should be part of future constitution.
2. But when it was debated in the session of the Constituent Assembly, it was opposed and criticized by minorities’ leaders. A non-Muslim, Prem Hari proposed that the motion should be first circulated for evoking public opinion and should then be discussed in the house on April 30, 1949. He was supported by Sris Chandra Chattopadhyaya, who proposed some amendments in the resolution. To him, since the committee of Fundamental Rights had finalized their report, there was no need for this resolution to recommend these rights. He added that the Objectives Resolution was amalgamation of religion and politics; hence it would create ambiguities with relation to its application in constitutional framework. He wanted time to study and understand the Objectives Resolution.
3. While discussing rights of religious minorities, Chandra Mandal opposed the resolution by saying that ‘why ulemas are insisting on this principle of Islam whereas India has Pandits but they did not demand things like that. Individual do have religion but state had not. So we think it a great deviation in our beloved Pakistan.’ Kumar Datta opposed it by saying that ‘if this resolution came in life of Jinnah it would not have come in its present form. Let us not do anything which lead our generation to blind destiny.’ Other Hindu members also proposed some amendments in the resolution and recommended that some words like ‘…sacred trust”, “…within the limits prescribed by Him”, and “… as enunciated by Islam” should be omitted. Some new words should be inserted like “as prescribed by Islam and other religions”, and “National sovereignty belongs to the people of Pakistan”, etc.
4. Mian Muhammad Iftikharuddin was the only Muslim member in the house who opposed the resolution. To him the resolution was vague and many words used in it do not mean anything. He further suggested that such a resolution should not only be the product of Muslim League members sitting in the assembly alone. Rather it was supposed to be the voice of seventy million people of Pakistan.
5. On the other hand Objectives Resolution was strongly supported by Dr. Ishtiaq Husain Qureshi, Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Usmani, Sardar Abdurrab Nishter, Noor Ahmad, Begam Shaista, Muhammad Husain and others. In order to counter the allegations they argued that Islam governs not only our relations with God but also the activities of the believers in other spheres of life as Islam is complete code of life.

 
Q2: Briefly describe the major steps taken by Ayub Khan after coming in power.
1: Rehabilitation of peace:-
In the absence of any effective governmental authority, the law and order situation was deteriorating throughout the country. Therefore, the first priority of military government was to check the criminal activities within the boundaries of the state; special military cells were established in order to facilitate the masses in case of trouble and to take precautionary measures against the trouble mongers factors in the society.
 2: Price Control:-
The next step, which the military administration took, was the management of price control cells and bodies. During the times of democratic governments, there was no check over the prices of the daily commodities of life. Hoarding was very common. These factors were the primary source of inflation. The situation was aggravated by the excessive profits earned by the retailers. The military government printed price lists and made sure that no one could earn excessive profits by exploiting the needs of the consumers.
 3: Check on Smuggling:-
Identification of economic flaws and their rectification was one of the most high-pitched priorities of the military government. Smuggling was one of the monstrous issues that resisted the growth of country’s economy. Chittagong and Karachi Seaports had been used for smuggling since long. The role played by the politicians in burgeoning with such an evil should not be neglected. As soon as the military government took over, strict disciplinary actions were initiated against the smugglers; crackdowns were planned to seize the people involved in such notorious activities.
4: Settlement of the properties:-
Since the independence of country, the issue of the abandoned properties could not be resolved. However, the issue was settled within a year after military takeover.
5: Rehabilitation of migrants:-
When India was divided, a large number of people migrated from India to Pakistan. They reached Pakistan in a very poor condition. Quaid and Liaquat took keen interest in the rehabilitation of the immigrants on priority bases; however, the later rulers did not consider it important enough to take steps for their resolution. As soon as the military government was established, the rehabilitation ministry, under the supervision of Gen.Azam Ali, worked so rigorously that it came up with the settlement of majority of migrants in a very short time. Several housing societies were established to provide shelter to the migrants, Korangi being one of them.

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